### Várad (Nagyvárad in county Bihar, today Oradea in Romania)
It was one of the centres of the eastern-Hungarian territories that belonged to Transylvania (Partium) and simultaneously the key of the fortification network which protected the principality from the Turkish invasion. It was changed into a modern fortification under the reign of prince István Báthory (1571-1586). It was occupied by the Turks in 1660 and transformed it into the residence of a new territory (vilayet). Finally, succeeded in occupying it after a month of siege. PG