### monopoly
This expression comes from the Greek language, it means exclusive distribution, i.e. the right to the exclusive distribution of a certain product. The Viennese court presented such privileges from the second half of the 17th century, mainly for the sales and distribution of profitable goods (cattle, cereals, wine, copper, salt, weapons). Monopolies were given to German, Italian, Viennese merchant and baker families, and later to military suppliers (for example, the so-called court Jew [Hofjud], Samuel Oppenheimer). One of the most significant companies, which had monopolies, was the Eastern Commercial Society, founded in 1667. They were the exclusive buyers and distributors of cattle. PG