I. A Julius-Claudius-dinasztia
| Augustus | i.e. 27–i.sz. 14 |
| Tiberius | i.sz. 14–37 |
| Gaius Caligula | 37–41 |
| Claudius | 41–54 |
| Nero | 54–68 |
II. A Flaviusok
| (Galba, Otho, Vitellius) | 68–69 |
| Vespasianus | 69–79 |
| Titus | 79–81 |
| Domitianus | 81–96 |
III. Az „Antoninus” császárok
| Nerva | 96–98 |
| Traianus | 98–117 |
| Hadrianus | 117–138 |
| Antoninus Pius | 138–161 |
| Marcus Aurelius | 161–180 |
| Lucius Verus | 161–169 |
| Commodus | 180–192 |
IV. A Severus-dinasztia és a katonacsászárok
| (Pertinax, Didius Julianus) | 193 |
| (Pescennius Niger) | 193–194 |
| (Clodius Albinus) | 193–197 |
| Septimius Severus | 193–211 |
| Antoninus Caracalla | 211–217 |
| Aurelius Geta | 211–212 |
| Macrinus | 217–218 |
| Elagabalus | 218–222 |
| Alexander Severus | 222–235 |
| Maximinus Thrax | 235–238 |
| (I. és II. Gordianus, Pupienus és Balbinus) | 238 |
| III. Gordianus | 238–244 |
| Philippus Arabs | 244–249 |
| Messius Decius | 249–251 |
| Trebonianus Gallus | 251–253 |
| Valerianus | 253–260 |
| Gallienus | 260–268 |
| Claudius Gothicus | 268–270 |
| Aurelianus | 270–275 |
| Tacitus | 275–276 |
| Aurelius Probus | 276–282 |
| Aurelius Carus | 282–283 |
| Carinus, Numerianus | 283–284 |
V. A dominátus korának császárai
| Diocletianus | 284–305 |
| Maximianus | 286–305 |
| Galerius és Constantius Chlorus, „caesarok” | 293–305 |
| Constantius Chlorus | 305–306 |
| Galerius | 305–311 |
| Constantinus | 306–312 |
| Maxentius | 306–312 |
| Maximinus Daia | 308–313 |
| Constantinus és Licinius | 312–324 |
| Constantinus egyedüli császársága | 324–337 |
| II. Constantius | 337–361 |
| II. Constantinus | 337–340 |
| Constans | 337–350 |
| (Magnentius) | 350–353 |
| Julianus „apostata” | 361–363 |
| I. Valentinianus | 364–375 |
| Valens | 364–378 |
| Theodosius | 379–395 |
| Gratianus | 375–383 |
| (Magnus Maximus) | 383–388 |
| II. Valentinianus | 375–392 |
| (Eugenius) | 392–394 |
VI. A kettéosztott birodalom fontosabb császárai
| Nyugat | Kelet | ||
| Honorius | 395–423 | Arcadius | 395–408 |
| III. Valentinianus | 424–455 | II. Theodosius | 408–450 |
| ……… | Marcianus | 450–457 | |
| Romulus Augustulus | 475–476 | I. Leo | 457–474 |
| Zenon | 474–491 | ||
| ……… | |||
| Mauritius | 582–602 | ||
| Phocas | 602–610 |